DNA VS RNA :The Differences and Similarities

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is similar to a routine of biological principles a living creature needs to accompany to live and stay functional. Ribonucleic acid (RNA), which assists in executing this routine’s procedures. Of both, RNA is much more flexible than DNA, proficient of doing many, varied responsibilities within an organism, however, DNA is much more secure and retains more intricate information for longer intervals.

Definition:

DNA:

 A nucleic acid which comprises the genetic instructions utilized in the evolution and operation of all the organisms. The genes of DNA are uttered, or illustrated, through the proteins which its nucleotides produce with the assistance of RNA.

RNA:

The data found in DNA determines which attributes must be generated, activated, or deactivated, while the several sorts of RNA perform the job.

DNA VS RNA Structure:

 The DNA is a double-stranded bio-molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains whereas the RNA is a single-stranded bio-molecule composed of one polynucleotide chain”

Well, it’s still a puzzle but scientists feel that the DNA is far more vulnerable to harm – it’s the hereditary material in virtually all living things. Therefore, if one of those strands is ruined, another strand may be utilized to fix it or shape another strand similar to it.

Excitingly, we can find the same double-stranded in Eukaryotes which are well known as microRNA or siRNA.

The microRNA which are of double-stranded cannot form protein, rather, it aids in regulating gene expression via RNA mechanism.

Function:

DNA:

The routine of biological principles a living organism needs to follow to exist and stay functional. Moderate of long-term, steady storage and transmission of hereditary information.

RNA:

Helps execute DNA’s routine procedures. Transmits genetic code required for the production of the formation of proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome.

Stability:

Deoxyribose sugar in DNA is not as responsive due to C-H bonds. DNA has smaller channels, making it tougher for enzymes to “attack”

Ribose sugar is significantly more reactive due to C-OH (hydroxyl) bonds. But it is not stable in all conditions. RNA has more channels, where there is more probability of attacks by the enzymes.

Location:

DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell and in mitochondria.

There are many types of RNA and based on the type it is found in the nucleus, cytoplasm and its ribosome.

Propagation:

DNA is self-replicating, while RNA is produced from DNA when required.

DNA and RNA Similarities :

• Both DNA and RNA belong to macromolecules which are known as nucleic acid. 
• They are made up of nitrogenous, phosphate and five carbon-pentose sugar.
• They are produced by an enzyme called Polymerase.
• DNA and RNA are  polynucleotide chains which are made by a single nucleotide unit.